Aktuelle Publikationen

Auf dieser Seite finden Sie die chronologisch geordneten Veröffentlichungen unserer Wissenschaftler*innen aus den vergangenen Jahren.

Aktuelle Publikationen (Politik- und Verwaltungswissenschaft)

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20 / 4358
  • Herrmann, Michael (2014): Polls, coalitions and strategic voting under proportional representation Journal of Theoretical Politics. 2014, 26(3), pp. 442-467. ISSN 0951-6298. eISSN 1460-3667. Available under: doi: 10.1177/0951629813505722

    Polls, coalitions and strategic voting under proportional representation

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    How do polls influence strategic voting under proportional representation? This paper derives a strategic calculus of voting for coalitions that generates testable predictions about the effects of polls on strategic voting in elections involving four or more parties. Incentives of leftist voters to vote for a centrist over a noncentrist party are shown to increase with the difference in expected seats between the prospective right-wing and left-wing coalitions (and vice versa for rightist voters). Centrist voters’ incentives to vote for a center-left vs a center-right party are also shown to depend on the relative strengths of the right-wing and left-wing coalitions. Importantly, the strategic voting incentives studied here do not depend on the presence of electoral thresholds or other features of the electoral system. The predictions are tested with survey data from parliamentary elections in Austria and Germany.

  • Dobbins, Michael; Leišyte, Liudvika (2014): Analysing the Transformation of Higher Education Governance in Bulgaria and Lithuania Public Management Review. 2014, 16(7), pp. 987-1010. ISSN 1461-667X. eISSN 1470-1065. Available under: doi: 10.1080/14719037.2013.770060

    Analysing the Transformation of Higher Education Governance in Bulgaria and Lithuania

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    Drawing on sociological neo-institutional theory and models of higher education governance, we examine current developments in Bulgaria and Lithuania and explore to what extent those developments were shaped by the Bologna reform. We analyse to what extent the state has moved away from a model of state-centred policy design and control to a model of governance based on the ‘evaluative state’ Neave (1998), in which the state ensures ‘product control’ and promotes competition and quality. To do so, we look, in particular, at funding policy and the emergence of a system of quality assurance. To conclude, we examine whether the governance patterns of both countries have converged and identify the factors accounting for potential variations.

  • Mader, Matthias; Pötzschke, Jana (2014): National Identities and Mass Belief Systems on Foreign and Security Policy in Germany German Politics. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. 2014, 23(1-2), pp. 59-77. ISSN 0964-4008. eISSN 1743-8993. Available under: doi: 10.1080/09644008.2014.898269

    National Identities and Mass Belief Systems on Foreign and Security Policy in Germany

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    The article analyses how German citizens' national identities are linked to their belief systems regarding foreign and security policy. Previous research has pointed out that citizens' belief systems are not unconstrained, but organised hierarchically. Especially domain-specific predispositions have been shown to structure policy attitudes. Against the backdrop of the prominence national history is granted in public discourse, the article argues that in Germany national identities influence both predispositions and attitudes concerning foreign and security policy. Using data from a representative telephone survey of German adults, a structural equation model is used to test this hypothesis. The results show that different types of national identities have distinct effects on domain-specific predispositions and attitudes towards the German participation in the ISAF mission in Afghanistan.

  • Heichel, Stephan; Pape, Jessica; Tosun, Jale (2014): Regulation of industrial discharges into surface water JÖRGENS, Helge, ed. and others. Understanding environmental policy convergence : the power of words, rules and money. 1. publ.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 64-103. ISBN 978-1-107-03782-3

    Regulation of industrial discharges into surface water

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    dc.contributor.author: Pape, Jessica

  • Bogumil, Jörg; Ebinger, Falk (2014): Leistungsvergleiche zwischen Lernen und Kontrolle : die Institutionalisierung von Innovation durch die Gemeindeprüfungsanstalt NRW SABINE KROPP, , ed. and others. Wissen und Expertise in Politik und Verwaltung. Opladen [u.a.]: Budrich, 2014, pp. 125-140. Der moderne Staat / Sonderheft. 1.2013. ISBN 978-3-8474-0117-9

    Leistungsvergleiche zwischen Lernen und Kontrolle : die Institutionalisierung von Innovation durch die Gemeindeprüfungsanstalt NRW

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    Leistungsvergleiche und Benchmarking-Regime fanden im Kontext des New Public Management weite Verbreitung in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Allerdings zeigten sich bald die Grenzen sowohl freiwilliger wie auch verpflichtender Vergleiche, da sie entweder zu niedrigen Beteiligungsquoten oder nicht intendierten Verhaltensänderungen oder Mani-ulationen fuhren. Eine Lösung dieses Problems scheint mit dem von der Gemeindeprüfungsanstalt Nordrhein- Westfalen verfolgten Ansatz gefunden worden zu sein. Dieser soll hier vorgestellt und diskutiert werden.

  • Breunig, Christian; Ahlquist, John S. (2014): Quantitative Methodologies in Public Policy ISABELLE ENGELI ..., , ed.. Comparative Policy Studies : Conceptual and Methodological Challenges. Basingstoke [u.a.]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, pp. 109-130. ISBN 978-0-230-29875-0

    Quantitative Methodologies in Public Policy

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    The comparative study of public policies relies on assigning numbers to social, economic, and political phenomena with the goal of examining their relationships. Quantitative analysis provides one avenue for understanding policy variations and their political and institutional causes.

  • Koos, Sebastian; Sachweh, Patrick (2014): Die Moralökonomie der Marktgesellschaft : Zur normativen Einbettung von Marktwettbewerb, Reziprozität und Umverteilung im internationalen Vergleich LÖW, Martina, ed.. Vielfalt und Zusammenhalt ; Band 1. Frankfurt [u.a.]: Campus, 2014, pp. 443-457. Verhandlungen des ... Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie. 36. ISBN 978-3-593-50082-9

    Die Moralökonomie der Marktgesellschaft : Zur normativen Einbettung von Marktwettbewerb, Reziprozität und Umverteilung im internationalen Vergleich

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    dc.contributor.author: Sachweh, Patrick

  • Busemeyer, Marius R. (2014): Soziale Investitionen und Ungleichheit : Erkenntnisse aus dem internationalen Vergleich MEYER-HAMME, Alexa, ed.. Die Zukunft des Sozialstaates : Dokumentation der 26. Bremer Universitätsgespräche. Oldenburg: Univ.-Verl. Isensee, 2014, pp. 61-70. Bremer Universitäts-Gespräche. ISBN 978-3-7308-1072-9

    Soziale Investitionen und Ungleichheit : Erkenntnisse aus dem internationalen Vergleich

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  • Kunze, Florian; de Jong, Simon Barend (2014): Transformationale Führung : Empathie kann Gruppenleistung gefährden Personal quarterly. 2014, 66(2), pp. 34-39. ISSN 2193-0589

    Transformationale Führung : Empathie kann Gruppenleistung gefährden

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    Die transformationale Führung ist das in der Forschung und Praxis mit am häufigsten untersuchte und verwendete Führungsmodell. Transformationale Führungskräfte verändern langfristig die Werte und Motive der Geführten dadurch, dass sie eine überzeugende gemeinsame Vision vorgeben, als Vorbild wahrgenommen werden, zu neuen Ideen und zur Reflexion anregen sowie die Entwicklung des einzelnen Mitarbeiters voranbringen

  • Stoffel, Michael F. (2014): MP behavior in mixed-member electoral systems Electoral Studies. 2014, 35, pp. 78-87. ISSN 0261-3794. eISSN 1873-6890. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2014.05.003

    MP behavior in mixed-member electoral systems

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    Previous research has argued that representatives in mixed-member electoral systems adjust their behavior to the mode of their election, the so-called mandate divide. MPs elected in single-member districts focus on their district, whereas those elected through closed party lists focus on their party. Yet this ignores that candidates in mixed-member systems can run in a district and on their party's list concurrently. This paper presents a model of how the prospects of re-election in the district and through the party list affect the relationship between voters, candidates, and parties. It is shown that the dual candidacy option results in candidates focusing on their party in most instances. The model is applied to a novel data set on the allocation of federal road construction projects in Germany.

  • Social Media Practices in Local Emergency Management : Results from Central New York

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  • A Manager's Guide to Assessing the Impact of Government Social Media Interactions

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    The report builds on Dr. Mergel’s previous two reports for the IBM Center: Working the Network: A Manager’s Guide for Using Twitter in Government, and Using Wikis in Government: A Guide for Public Managers. This new report addresses the key question of how government should measure the impact of its social media use. This question is gaining increased attention within government as agencies rely more heavily on social media to interact with the public, including disseminating information to citizens. Many believe government has been successful in using social media over the last decade. Social media has also greatly assisted the current administration in fulfilling its Open Government Initiative to increase transparency, participation, and collaboration. Government managers now face the challenge of more effectively measuring public participation and the impact of social media outreach efforts. A key additional step involves the development of a social media strategy for an agency. While government currently focuses on “push” techniques to provide information from government publications, Professor Mergel speculates that the next big challenge will be to measure the extent to which government actively engages the public to gain access to citizen views and expertise. Professor Mergel envisions increased bi-directional citizen participation in which agencies actively “pull in” content through new forms of social media, including crowdsourcing. In a recent IBM Center report, Using Crowdsourcing in Government, Daren Brabham discusses how government can tap into citizen knowledge via crowdsourcing. In the report, Professor Mergel also provides guidance to government managers on how they can more effectively make a business case for using social media. The business case, states Mergel, serves as a basis for management decisions to build and allocate organizational capacity or initiate changes in its social media strategy. Given the rapidly increasing use of social media by government, we hope that this timely report assists government managers in assessing the impact of their social media activity.

  • Busemeyer, Marius R.; Iversen, Torben (2014): The political economy of skills and inequality Socio-Economic Review. 2014, 12(2), pp. 241-243. ISSN 1475-1461. eISSN 1475-147X. Available under: doi: 10.1093/ser/mwu013

    The political economy of skills and inequality

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    dc.title:


    dc.contributor.author: Iversen, Torben

  • Comparing the politics behind the immigrant integration laws of Catalonia and South Tyrol

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    How do minority regions in multi-national states respond to immigration? Do they use regional policy-making competencies to foster the inclusion of immigrants, or to tighten the boundaries of belonging exclusively around the minority? This paper answers these questions through a comparison of the immigrant integration laws of Catalonia (Spain) and South Tyrol (Italy). Qualitative content analysis of the laws shows that both regions place most emphasis on helping immigrants to become equal members of the society in the socio-economic dimension. Only the South Tyrolean law then adds also some restrictions. By contrast, South Tyrol is more flexible when it comes to cultural integration granting immigrants free choice of whether to integrate into the German or the Italian language, or both, while the Catalan law prioritises integration into Catalan culture. The paper links these differences to the dominant political dividing lines in regional party competition before the adoption of each law.

  • Shikano, Susumu; Seibert, Sjard T. (2014): Was verbirgt sich hinter der ämterorientierten SPD? : Numerische Experimente mit der Gewichtung von Policy- und Ämtermotivation bei der Koalitionsbildung LINHART, Eric, ed., Bernhard KITTEL, ed., André BÄCHTIGER, ed.. Jahrbuch für Handlungs- und Entscheidungstheorie. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014, pp. 207-233. ISBN 978-3-658-05007-8. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-658-05008-5_7

    Was verbirgt sich hinter der ämterorientierten SPD? : Numerische Experimente mit der Gewichtung von Policy- und Ämtermotivation bei der Koalitionsbildung

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    Bisherige koalitionstheoretische Modelle unterstellen als Motivationen der verhandelnden Akteure vor allem Policy- und/oder Ämterorientierung. Hierzu haben Shikano und Linhart (Party Politics 16(1): 111–130, 2010) ein statistisches Modell entwickelt, welches es ermöglicht, die Gewichtung von Policy- und Ämtermotivation von Parteien in Koalitionsbildungsprozessen zu schätzen. Ein überraschendes Ergebnis ihrer Analyse der Koalitionsbildung in den deutschen Bundesländern ist, dass die Sozialdemokraten deutlich stärker ämterorientiert sind, während die Unionsparteien und die Liberalen eine stärkere Policy-Motivation aufweisen. Die Autoren weisen als mögliche Erklärung darauf hin, dass trotz einer Nähe der ideologischen Positionen eher selten große Koalitionen in den Ländern zustande kommen. Auch wenn Shikano und Seibert (Estimating model parameters of coalition formation with policy and office motivation using German federal-state data, 2011) mit einer anderen Datengrundlage vergleichbare Ergebnisse replizieren konnten, bleiben die Gründe für das oben beschriebene Ergebnis offen. Um diese Lücke zu füllen, werden in diesem Papier einige hypothetische Koalitionsbildungsszenarien und die dazugehörigen Daten generiert und überprüft. Durch die Anwendung derselben statistischen Methode auf die generierten Daten werden Mechanismen identifiziert, die eine Schätzung der Gewichtungsparameter zwischen Policy- und Ämtermotivation beeinflussen. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass es nicht die Häufigkeit der großen Koalition ist, sondern vielmehr die Existenz von sozial-liberalen Koalitionen auf Länderebene, die Einfluss auf die Ämterorientierung der SPD nimmt.

  • Twitter in Politics : A Comprehensive Literature Review

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    This literature review covers some 115 studies on the use of Twitter in politics. For this discussion, studies are grouped in three topical categories: studies addressing the use of Twitter by politicians and campaigns; studies addressing the use of Twitter by various publics during election and issue campaigns; and comments on Twitter during campaign events -- such as televised debates, party conventions, and election day coverage. I will start the review with a discussion of the theories, research designs, methods of data collection and data selection that were most common in the literature included in this review. Following this, I will provide short synopses of the included studies. I will close this working paper with a discussion of perspectives on further research.

  • Cederman, Lars-Erik; Weidmann, Nils B.; Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede (2014): Horizontal inequalities and ethno-nationalist Civil War : a global comparison CHENOWETH, Erica, ed.. Political Violence ; 2. Causes of political violence. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 183-214. Sage Library of International Relations. ISBN 978-1-4462-7407-1

    Horizontal inequalities and ethno-nationalist Civil War : a global comparison

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    Contemporary research on civil war has largely dismissed the role of political and economic grievances, focusing instead on opportunities for conflict. However, these strong claims rest on questionable theoretical and empirical grounds. Whereas scholars have examined primarily the relationship between individual inequality and conflict, we argue that horizontal inequalities between politically relevant ethnic groups and states at large can promote ethno-nationalist conflict. Extending the empirical scope to the entire world, this article introduces a new spatial method that combines our newly geocoded data on ethnic groups’ settlement areas with spatial wealth estimates. Based on these methodological advances, we find that, in highly unequal societies, both rich and poor groups fight more often than those groups whose wealth lies closer to the country average. Our results remain robust to a number of alternative sample definitions and specifications.

  • Polarisierung im politischen Diskurs : eine Analyse dynamischer Wissens- und Diskursnetzwerke am Beispiel von "Stuttgart 21"

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  • Jochem, Sven; Henningsen, Bernd (2014): Fazit und Ausblick : Desiderate sozial-, kultur- und geschichtswissenschaftlicher Nordeuropa-Forschung Der Bürger im Staat. 2014, 2014(2/3), pp. 183-186. ISSN 0007-3121

    Fazit und Ausblick : Desiderate sozial-, kultur- und geschichtswissenschaftlicher Nordeuropa-Forschung

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    dc.contributor.author: Henningsen, Bernd

  • Grimm, Sonja; Lernay-Hébert, Nicolas; Nay, Olivier (2014): 'Fragile States' : introducing a political concept Third World Quarterly. 2014, 35(2), pp. 197-209. ISSN 0143-6597. eISSN 1360-2241. Available under: doi: 10.1080/01436597.2013.878127

    'Fragile States' : introducing a political concept

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    The special issue ‘Fragile States: A Political Concept’ investigates the emergence, dissemination and reception of the notion of ‘state fragility’. It analyses the process of conceptualisation, examining how the ‘fragile states’ concept was framed by policy makers to describe reality in accordance with their priorities in the fields of development and security. The contributors to the issue investigate the instrumental use of the ‘state fragility’ label in the legitimisation of Western policy interventions in countries facing violence and profound poverty. They also emphasise the agency of actors ‘on the receiving end’, describing how the elites and governments in so-called ‘fragile states’ have incorporated and reinterpreted the concept to fit their own political agendas. A first set of articles examines the role played by the World Bank, the oecd, the European Union and the g7+ coalition of ‘fragile states’ in the transnational diffusion of the concept, which is understood as a critical element in the new discourse on international aid and security. A second set of papers employs three case studies (Sudan, Indonesia and Uganda) to explore the processes of appropriation, reinterpretation and the strategic use of the ‘fragile state’ concept.

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